The number of significant digits x in $64$ bits can be found as: $10^{x} = 2^{64}$
$=>x = 19.$ The maximum value of the exponent y in $12$ bits can be found as: $10^{y} = 2^{2047}$
$=> y = 616.$ [maximum positive number in $12$ bit $2’s$ complement is $2047$]
for more :https://nptel.ac.in/content/storage2/courses/106105163/ASSIGNMENT-SOLUTION-WEEK8.pdf
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