Important properties of Eigen values:
- Sum of all eigen values $=$ Sum of leading diagonal(principle diagonal) elements $=$ Trace of the matrix.
- Product of all Eigen values $= \det(A)= \mid A \mid$
- Any square diagonal(lower triangular or upper triangular) matrix eigen values are leading diagonal (principle diagonal)elements itself.
Example:$A=\begin{bmatrix} 1& 0& 0\\ 0&1 &0 \\ 0& 0& 1\end{bmatrix}$
Diagonal matrix
Eigenvalues are $1,1,1$
$B=\begin{bmatrix} 1& 9& 6\\ 0&1 &12 \\ 0& 0& 1\end{bmatrix}$
Upper triangular matrix
Eigenvalues are $1,1,1$
$C=\begin{bmatrix} 1& 0& 0\\ 8&1 &0 \\ 2& 3& 1\end{bmatrix}$
Lower triangular matrix
Eigenvalues are $1,1,1$
Now coming to the actual question
$R=\begin{bmatrix} 1 &2 &4 &8 \\ 1 &3 &9 &27 \\ 1 &4 &16 &64 \\ 1 &5 &25 &125 \end{bmatrix}$
$\mid R \mid =\begin{vmatrix} 1 &2 &4 &8 \\ 1 &3 &9 &27 \\ 1 &4 &16 &64 \\ 1 &5 &25 &125 \end{vmatrix}$
Perform
- $R4\rightarrow R_{4}-R_{3}$
- $R3\rightarrow R_{3}-R_{2}$
- $R2\rightarrow R_{2}-R_{1}$
$\implies \mid R \mid =\begin{vmatrix} 1 &2 &4 &8 \\ 0 &1 &5 &19 \\ 0 &1 &7 &37 \\ 0 &1 &9 &61 \end{vmatrix}$
Perform
- $R4\rightarrow R_{4}-R_{3}$
- $R3\rightarrow R_{3}-R_{2}$
$\implies \mid R \mid =\begin{vmatrix} 1 &2 &4 &8 \\ 0 &1 &5 &19 \\ 0 &0 &2 &18 \\ 0 &0 &2 &24 \end{vmatrix}$
Perform
- $R4\rightarrow R_{4}-R_{3}$
$\implies \mid R \mid =\begin{vmatrix} 1 &2 &4 &8 \\ 0 &1 &5 &19 \\ 0 &0 &2 &18 \\ 0 &0 &0 &6 \end{vmatrix}$
The absolute value
of product of Eigen values $= \det(A)= \text{Product of diagonal elements } =12.$