In genetic algorithms, the following components are typically found:
a. Evolution - This represents the overarching process of iterative improvement over generations.
b. Selection - This involves choosing individuals from the current population based on their fitness for reproduction.
c. Reproduction - This step involves creating a new population from selected individuals through processes like crossover.
d. Mutation - Mutation introduces random changes in the genetic information of individuals to explore new possibilities.
Therefore, the correct option is:
a, b, c, and d
