The answer is A.$(2,3)$
we need to include tuple $(x,y)$ from $R$ ,where we do not have $(x,z)(z,y)$ in $R$
That is,
Those tuples in $R$ which can not be transitively derived by tuples of $R$.
Checking all $6$ tuples $(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(2,3),(3,4),(4,5)$
- $(1,2)\leftarrow $ there is only one $z=1$ such that $(z,2)=(1,2)$, but there is no $(1,z)=(1,1)$
- $(1,3)\leftarrow (1,2)(2,3)$ here $z=2$
- $(1,4)\leftarrow (1,3)(3,4)$ here $z=3$
- $(2,3)\leftarrow$ there is only one $z=3$ such that $(2,z)=(2,3)$, but there is no $(z,3)=(3,3)$
- $(3,4)\leftarrow$ there is only one $z=4$ such that $(3,z)=(3,4)$, but there is no $(z,4)=(4,4)$
- $(4,5)\leftarrow$ there is only one $z=5$ such that $(4,z)=(4,5)$, but there is no $(z,5)=(5,5)$
Hence among the options only $(2,3) $satisfies the conditions.