The `print` function in the given code is recursive, which means it calls itself repeatedly until a certain condition is met. Let's analyze the code step by step to determine how many times `printf` is executed.
1. In the `main` function, the `print` function is declared as `void print();`. However, this declaration is unnecessary since the `print` function is already defined above.
2. The `print` function is called with the argument `-4`.
3. Inside the `print` function:
- The string "Hello " is printed using `printf`.
- The condition `n++ == 0` is evaluated. Since the value of `n` is initially `-4`, the condition evaluates to false (`-4++` is not equal to 0).
4. The `print` function is recursively called with the argument `n` incremented by 1.
5. Inside the second call of the `print` function:
- The string "Hello " is printed again.
- The condition `n++ == 0` is evaluated. This time, `n` is `-3` (since it was incremented by 1 in the previous call). The condition again evaluates to false (`-3++` is not equal to 0).
6. The `print` function is recursively called again with `n` incremented by 1.
7. This recursive process continues until `n` reaches 0. The `print` function is called a total of 5 times (including the initial call). The value of `n` in each call will be: -4, -3, -2, -1, 0.
8. When `n` becomes 0, the condition `n++ == 0` evaluates to true, and the function returns without any further recursive calls.
In conclusion, the `printf` statement is executed 5 times in total, each time printing the string "Hello ".