The block after the AND statement is ensuring the condition of ⊕
You can understand it like this:
P $\vee$ Q ...(1)
P $\rightarrow$ ¬Q ...(2)
are joined by $ \wedge$
(1) is true when PQ = 01 or 10 or 11
(2) is true when PQ = 00 or 01 or 10
(1) $ \wedge$ (2) takes only {10,01} which is, as you said correctly, the case of X-OR.
We do not have an XOR operator ⊕ in Prepositional Logic.