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Recent questions tagged network-layer
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31
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question P10, P11 (Page No 73)
(Common data question P10, P11) P10. Consider a packet of length L which begins at end system A and travels over three links to a destination end system. These three links are connected by two packet switches. Let ... transmits each bit it receives before waiting for the entire packet to arrive. What is the end-to-end delay?
ajaysoni1924
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Apr 10, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
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computer-networks
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network-layer
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2
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32
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question P8 (Page No 72)
Suppose users share a 3 Mbps link. Also, suppose each user requires 150 kbps when transmitting, but each user transmits only 10 percent of the time. When circuit switching is used, how many users can be supported? ... (Hint: Use the binomial distribution.) Find the probability that there are 21 or more users transmitting simultaneously.
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Apr 10, 2019
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33
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question P3 (Page No 71)
Consider an application that transmits data at a steady rate (for example, the sender generates an N-bit unit of data every k time units, where k is small and fixed). Also, when such an application starts, it will continue ... data rates is less than the capacities of each and every link. Is some form of congestion control needed? Why?
ajaysoni1924
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Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
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0
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34
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question P2 (Page No 71)
Give a formula for the end-to-end delay of sending one packet of length L over N links of transmission rate R. Generalize this formula for sending P such packets back-to-back over the N links.
ajaysoni1924
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Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
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35
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question R21 (Page No 70)
Visit the Queuing and Loss applet at the companion Web site. What is the maximum emission rate and the minimum transmission rate? With those rates, what is the traffic intensity? Run the applet with these rates and determine how ... determine again how long it takes for packet loss to occur. Are the values different? Why or why not?
ajaysoni1924
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Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
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36
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question R20 (Page No 69)
Suppose end system A wants to send a large file to end system B. At a very high level, describe how end system A creates packets from the file. When one of these packets arrives at a packet switch, what ... Why is packet switching on the Internet analogous to driving from one city to another and asking directions along the way?
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Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
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packet-switching
0
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1
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37
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question R19 (Page No 69)
Suppose Host A wants to send a large file to Host B. The path from Host A to Host B has three links, of rates R1 = 500 kbps, R2 = 2 Mbps, and R3 = 1 Mbps. Assuming no other traffic in the network, what is the throughput for ... long will it take to transfer the file to Host B? Repeat (a) and (b), but now with R2 reduced to 100 kbps.
ajaysoni1924
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Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
663
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computer-networks
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0
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1
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38
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question R18 (Page No 69)
How long does it take a packet of length 1,000 bytes to propagate over a link of distance 2,500 km, propagation speed 2.5 · 108 m/s, and transmission rate 2 Mbps? More generally, how long does it take a packet ... s, and transmission rate R bps? Does this delay depend on packet length? Does this delay depend on the transmission rate?
ajaysoni1924
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Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
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computer-networks
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network-layer
network-flow
0
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0
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39
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question R17 (Page No 69)
Visit the Transmission Versus Propagation Delay applet at the companion Web site. Among the rates, propagation delay, and packet sizes available find a combination for which the sender finishes transmitting before the ... combination for which the first bit of the packet reaches the receiver before the sender finishes transmitting.
ajaysoni1924
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Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
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computer-networks
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network-layer
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0
votes
1
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40
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question R16 (Page No 69)
Consider sending a packet from a source host to a destination host over a fixed route. List the delay components in the end-to-end delay. Which of these delays are constant and which are variable?
ajaysoni1924
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Computer Networks
Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
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computer-networks
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0
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0
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41
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question R15 (Page No 69)
Some content providers have created their own networks. Describe Google’s network. What motivates content providers to create these networks?
ajaysoni1924
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Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
265
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computer-networks
kurose-and-ross
network-layer
descriptive
0
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0
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42
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question R14 (Page No 68)
Why will two ISPs at the same level of the hierarchy often peer with each other? How does an IXP earn money?
ajaysoni1924
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Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
308
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computer-networks
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network-layer
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descriptive
0
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1
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43
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question R13 (Page No 68)
Suppose users share a 2 Mbps link. Also, suppose each user transmits continuously at 1 Mbps when transmitting, but each user transmits only 20 percent of the time. When circuit switching is used, how many users can ... given time, all three users are transmitting simultaneously. Find the fraction of time during which the queue grows.
ajaysoni1924
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Computer Networks
Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
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computer-networks
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network-layer
network-switching
circuit-switching
0
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0
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44
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question R12 (Page No 68)
What advantage does a circuit-switched network have over a packet-switched network? What advantages does TDM have over FDM in a circuit-switched network?
ajaysoni1924
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Computer Networks
Apr 9, 2019
by
ajaysoni1924
384
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computer-networks
kurose-and-ross
network-layer
network-switching
descriptive
0
votes
1
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45
Kurose and Ross Edition 6 Exercise 1 Question R11 (Page No 68)
Suppose there is exactly one packet switch between a sending host and a receiving host. The transmission rates between the sending host and the switch and between the switch and the receiving host are R1 and R2, respectively. ... -to-end delay to send a packet of length L? (Ignore queuing, propagation delay, and processing delay.)
ajaysoni1924
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Apr 9, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
439
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computer-networks
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46
FOROUZAN-NETWORK LAYER-VIRTUAL CIRCUITS
What is the importance of having the field LABEL in the datagram as well as the router if we already know the outgoing port number?? Is’nt it an overhead in virtual circuits?
Doraemon
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in
Computer Networks
Apr 4, 2019
by
Doraemon
217
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network-layer
0
votes
1
answer
47
#Foruzan Chapter: Network Layer
An IPv4 packet has arrived with the first few hexadecimal digits as shown. Ox45000028000100000102 ... How many hops can this packet travel before being dropped? The data belong to what upper-layer protocol? Solution To find the time-to-live field, we skip ... the next byte (02), which means that the upper-layer protocol is IGMP Why to skip 8 bytes????Please Explain
Nishi Agarwal
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in
Computer Networks
Mar 30, 2019
by
Nishi Agarwal
1.9k
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computer-networks
network-layer
datagram
0
votes
1
answer
48
ISI-PCB-2015-C1-b
A $64000$-byte message is to be transmitted over a $2$-hop path in a store-and-forward packet-switching network. The network limits packets toa maximum size of $2032$ bytes including a $32$-byte header. The trans-mission lines in the network are error free and have a speed of $50$ ... answer as $1*3*(T_t+T_p) + \;31*T_t$ where $T_t=0.325\; ms$ and $T_p=3.333\; ms$. Please Confirm.
ankitgupta.1729
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in
Computer Networks
Mar 25, 2019
by
ankitgupta.1729
1.1k
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userisi2015
usermod
computer-networks
ip-packet
network-layer
0
votes
1
answer
49
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 46 (Page No. 494)
Use the traceroute (UNIX) or tracert (Windows) programs to trace the route from your computer to various universities on other continents. Make a list of transoceanic links you have discovered. Some sites to try are www.berkeley.edu ( ... London) www.usyd.edu.au (Sydney) www.u-tokyo.ac.jp (Tokyo) www.uct.ac.za (Cape Town)
ajaysoni1924
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Mar 18, 2019
by
ajaysoni1924
1.1k
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computer-networks
tanenbaum
network-layer
program
0
votes
1
answer
50
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 45 (Page No. 494)
Write a function to do forwarding in an IP router. The procedure has one parameter, an IP address. It also has access to a global table consisting of an array of triples. Each triple contains three integers: an IP address, ... The function looks up the IP address in the table using CIDR and returns the line to use as its value.
ajaysoni1924
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Mar 18, 2019
by
ajaysoni1924
420
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computer-networks
tanenbaum
network-layer
program
0
votes
0
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51
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 44 (Page No. 494)
Write a program that simulates a computer network using discrete time. The first packet on each router queue makes one hop per time interval. Each router has only a finite number of buffers. If a packet arrives and ... the throughput of the network as a function of the end-to-end timeout interval, parameterized by error rate.
ajaysoni1924
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Mar 18, 2019
by
ajaysoni1924
433
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computer-networks
tanenbaum
network-layer
program
0
votes
0
answers
52
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 43 (Page No. 494)
Write a program to simulate routing using flooding. Each packet should contain a counter that is decremented on each hop. When the counter gets to zero, the packet is discarded. Time is discrete, with each line handling ... flooded. Compare flooding with deterministic routing (k = 1) in terms of both delay and the bandwidth used.
ajaysoni1924
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Computer Networks
Mar 18, 2019
by
ajaysoni1924
708
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computer-networks
network-layer
tanenbaum
program
0
votes
1
answer
53
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 42 (Page No. 494)
When the IPv6 protocol is introduced, does the ARP protocol have to be changed? If so, are the changes conceptual or technical?
ajaysoni1924
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Computer Networks
Mar 18, 2019
by
ajaysoni1924
524
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computer-networks
tanenbaum
network-layer
ipv6
0
votes
1
answer
54
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 41 (Page No. 494)
The Protocol field used in the IPv4 header is not present in the fixed IPv6 header. Why not?
ajaysoni1924
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in
Computer Networks
Mar 18, 2019
by
ajaysoni1924
997
views
computer-networks
tanenbaum
network-layer
descriptive
ipv6
0
votes
1
answer
55
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 40 (Page No. 494)
IPv6 uses 16-byte addresses. If a block of 1 million addresses is allocated every picosecond, how long will the addresses last?
ajaysoni1924
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in
Computer Networks
Mar 18, 2019
by
ajaysoni1924
2.0k
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computer-networks
tanenbaum
network-layer
ipv6
0
votes
1
answer
56
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 38 (Page No. 494)
n IP, the checksum covers only the header and not the data. Why do you suppose this design was chosen?
ajaysoni1924
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Computer Networks
Mar 18, 2019
by
ajaysoni1924
1.0k
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computer-networks
tanenbaum
network-layer
ip-addressing
0
votes
0
answers
57
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 37 (Page No. 494)
Most IP datagram reassembly algorithms have a timer to avoid having a lost fragment tie up reassembly buffers forever. Suppose that a datagram is fragmented into four fragments. The first three fragments arrive, but the last one ... memory are discarded. A little later, the last fragment stumbles in. What should be done with it?
ajaysoni1924
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Computer Networks
Mar 18, 2019
by
ajaysoni1924
595
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computer-networks
tanenbaum
network-layer
fragmentation
descriptive
0
votes
2
answers
58
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 36 (Page No. 494)
Describe a way to reassemble IP fragments at the destination.
ajaysoni1924
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Mar 18, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
474
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tanenbaum
network-layer
fragmentation
descriptive
1
vote
0
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59
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 35 (Page No. 494)
You have just explained the ARP protocol to a friend. When you are all done, he says: ‘‘I’ve got it. ARP provides a service to the network layer, so it is part of the data link layer.’’ What do you say to him?
ajaysoni1924
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Mar 18, 2019
by
ajaysoni1924
364
views
computer-networks
tanenbaum
network-layer
network-protocols
descriptive
0
votes
0
answers
60
Andrew S. Tanenbaum Edition 5th Exercise 5 Question 34 (Page No. 493)
Many companies have a policy of having two (or more) routers connecting the company to the Internet to provide some redundancy in case one of them goes down. Is this policy still possible with NAT? Explain your answer.
ajaysoni1924
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Mar 18, 2019
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ajaysoni1924
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